Publication Ethics

Author Ethics

Authors submitting manuscripts to IJARI must adhere to the following ethical standards:

The submitted work must be original and not previously published or under consideration elsewhere.
All data and results must be accurate and honestly reported. Fabrication, falsification, or selective reporting of data is strictly prohibited.
Proper attribution must be given to all sources and prior work. Plagiarism in any form is unacceptable.
All individuals who made significant contributions to the work must be listed as authors. Guest or honorary authorship is not permitted.
Any potential conflicts of interest must be disclosed at the time of submission.
Research involving human subjects or animals must have received appropriate ethical approval, which should be documented in the manuscript.

Reviewer Ethics

Peer reviewers play a critical role in maintaining the quality of published research. Reviewers must:

Provide objective, unbiased, and constructive evaluations.
Treat all manuscripts as confidential documents and not share their content with unauthorized parties.
Declare any conflicts of interest and recuse themselves from reviewing if a conflict exists.
Not use information obtained during the review process for personal advantage.
Complete reviews in a timely manner and notify the editor if unable to meet deadlines.
Alert the editor to any suspected ethical violations, plagiarism, or duplicate publication.

Editor Ethics

Editors of IJARI are committed to:

Making fair and unbiased editorial decisions based solely on the quality and merit of the research.
Maintaining the confidentiality of the peer review process.
Avoiding conflicts of interest in handling manuscripts.
Ensuring that the review process is rigorous, fair, and transparent.
Taking appropriate action in response to ethical concerns raised about submitted or published articles.
Following the guidelines set by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Plagiarism Policy

IJARI has a zero-tolerance policy for plagiarism. All submitted manuscripts are screened for plagiarism using industry-standard software.

The following are considered plagiarism:

Copying text from other works without proper citation.
Paraphrasing others' ideas without attribution.
Presenting previously published data or figures as new.
Self-plagiarism — reusing substantial portions of one's own previously published work without disclosure.

Manuscripts found to contain plagiarism will be immediately rejected. If plagiarism is detected after publication, the article will be retracted, and the authors will be notified.

Retraction & Correction Policy

IJARI follows internationally accepted guidelines for retracting or correcting published articles:

Erratum/Corrigendum — Published to correct minor errors that do not affect the scientific conclusions.
Retraction — Published when the findings are unreliable due to major errors, data fabrication, plagiarism, or ethical violations.
Expression of Concern — Published when there is ongoing investigation into potential issues with a published article.

All retractions and corrections are publicly documented and linked to the original article to maintain transparency in the scholarly record.